Invert, always invert. Many hard problems are best solved by asking: what would guarantee failure? Avoid that, and success becomes far more likely than if you'd chased it directly.

Charlie Munger — Poor Charlie's Almanack

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mental-modelsdecision-makinginversion

The best way to think about how markets work is to imagine a voting machine in the short run and a weighing machine in the long run — but most people spend their entire careers trying to win votes instead of actual weight.

Benjamin Graham — The Intelligent Investor (paraphrased in subsequent commentary by Graham himself)

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investingmental-modelsmarket-behavior

"Anyone who has PMF [product market fit] has it for max six to 12 months, and is required to continuously keep releasing bangers," Ding argues. "Versus before, you could have dominance for three to five years, and rely on that."

Shensi Ding

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entrepreneurshipproduct-market-fitstartups