Invert, always invert. Many hard problems are best solved when you turn them around in reverse. It is not enough to think about what you want to achieve — ask yourself what would guarantee failure, then avoid it.

Invert, always invert: Turn a situation or problem upside down. Look at it backwards. What happens if all our plans go wrong? Where do we not want to go, and how do you get there? Instead of asking how to succeed, ask how to guarantee failure—then avoid it.